Results
#1. What African American leader has been referred to as, the Father of Black nationalism in the US?
https://blackpolitics.org/martin-delany-founder-of-black-nationalism/
#2. Which of these female African American leaders spent over 80 years in the African American struggle?
https://blackpolitics.org/queen-mother-audley-moore-80-years-of-activism/
#3. Choose the correct answer. Marcus Garvey:
https://blackpolitics.org/marcus-garvey-the-1920s-and-the-garvey-movement/
#4. Who founded the Nation of Islam?
The Nation of Islam was founded by Wallace Fard Muhammad (also known as Wali Fard Muhammad) in 1930 in Detroit, Michigan. His mission was to teach African Americans self-knowledge, unity, and economic independence. Leadership was passed to Elijah Muhammad in 1934 following Fard’s disappearance. [1, 2, 3, 4]
#5. Who was Robert F. Williams?
In 1957, Williams was elected president of his local NAACP chapter. In Monroe, North Carolina, Robert F. Williams organized armed resistance when police refused to stop Klan attacks.
His later book, Negroes With Guns, published in 1962, became the ideological blueprint for:
- The Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM)
- The Black Panther Party
- Militant wings of SNCC (1966–1968)
- The Deacons for Defense and Justice
Despite operating from exile, Robert F. Williams served as the ideological architect and elected president of RAM starting in 1964. RAM branches across the country helped distribute Williams’ publication, The Crusader.
#6. Who was the first chairman of SNCC?
- John Lewis became chairman in 1963
- Stokely Carmichael succeeded Lewis in 1966 and introduced the Black Power focus
- H. Rap Brown took over in 1967
#7. Where was the Black Panther Party first organized?
#8. In what year was the Black Panther Party organized?
- Organizational Alliance: The New York chapter was not an isolated entity, but a coalition formed by Stokely Carmichael (representing SNCC), Max Stanford (representing the Revolutionary Action Movement or RAM), and other Black nationalists, including the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU). [1, 2, 3]
- The Panther Symbol: The emblem and the name were borrowed directly from the ballot symbol of the Lowndes County Freedom Organization, which Stokely Carmichael had helped organize in Alabama to challenge white supremacy. [1, 2, 3]
- National Vision: The leaders agreed to use the New York branch to make the Black Panther Party a national organization, predating the famous West Coast Black Panther Party for Self-Defense founded by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland, California, by several months. [1, 2, 3, 4]
#9. Malcolm X was also Known as:
#10. Which is false about Martin Luther King Jr.?
https://blackpolitics.org/10-things-you-didnt-know-martin-luther-king-jr/
#11. Maxwell Stanford:
Dr. Muhammad Ahmad (Max Stanford), Malcolm X ‘s close confidant was the founder and national field chairman of the Revolutionary Action Movement (RAM), a clandestine organization whose international spokesman was Malcolm X.
Max Stanford
Max Stanford was very close to Malcolm in the final years of his life and held close one on one meetings with Malcolm in the months leading up to the February 21st, 1965, Malcolm X assassination at Harlem’s Audubon Ballroom.
After the Malcolm X assassination, Max Stanford went on to play a critical role in the African American struggle. He has had many accomplishments in the Black Liberation Movement. He founded the African People’s Party. He was also very instrumental in the emergence of the Black Power Movement, the formation of the Black Panther Party, the Congress of African People, the African Liberation Support Committee and African Liberation Day. Max Stanford
#12. The Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
#13. Bunchie Carter was
#14. George Jackson was
In 1960, at the age of eighteen, George Jackson was accused of stealing $70 from a gas station in Los Angeles. Though there was evidence of his innocence, his court-appointed lawyer maintained that because Jackson had a record (two previous instances of petty crime), he should plead guilty in exchange for a light sentence in the county jail. He did, and received an indeterminate sentence of one year to life. Jackson spent the next ten years in Soledad Prison, seven and a half of them in solitary confinement. Instead of succumbing to the dehumanization of prison existence, he transformed himself into the leading theoretician of the prison movement and a brilliant writer. Soledad Brother, which contains the letters that he wrote from 1964 to 1970, is his testament.
His activism and radical ideas led to significant tension with prison authorities, particularly as he advocated for armed resistance against systemic oppression. Tragically, Jackson was killed in a prison riot in 1971, a death that his supporters believed was a politically motivated murder. His legacy endures, as he is remembered not only for his radical politics but also for his intellectual achievements and the impact he had on prison reform and the broader cultural revolution of his time. Jackson’s story emphasizes the complexity of the social issues he confronted and the ongoing quest for justice and equality in America.
#15. In 1968, the FBI’s COINTELPRO Program was expanded to prevent:
- Prevent coalition: Block the unification of militant Black nationalist groups to stop a potential “Mau Mau” style revolution.
- Prevent a “messiah”: Stop the rise of leaders—specifically mentioning figures like Martin Luther King Jr., Stokely Carmichael, and Elijah Muhammad—who could unite the movement.
- Prevent violence: Target and neutralize specific individuals to stop violence before it occurs.
- Prevent respectability: Discredit leaders and organizations among the general public and sympathetic “liberals”.
- Prevent long-range growth: Target youth and curb the influence of these organizations on future generations. [1, 2, 3, 4]
#16. In 1967, whom did J. Edgar Hoover call, “the most dangerous man in America”?
#17. Who was the first African American US Senator
Hiram Rhodes Revels was the first African American to serve in the United States Senate, taking office in February 1870. A Republican, he represented the state of Mississippi during the Reconstruction era. [1]
#18. Who was the first black mayor of a Major US City? ? While Richard
While Richard “Dick” Hatcher (Gary, Indiana) is generally celebrated among black activists as the first black mayor of a major US city, he and Carl Stokes (Clevland, Ohio) were both elected on November 7, 1967 and sworn in on January 1st, 1968. However, Cleveland’s population was, and is, larger than the population of Gary, Indiana.
Test your knowledge of African American leadership. Take the African American Leadership Quiz, part 1
On random pages and posts throughout this site, versions of The African American Leadership Quiz will be displayed. You will see a list of ten questions displayed and a choice of 4 answers to each question. This is not quite a how Black are you quiz, but let’s see how much you’ve kept up with the Black movement. Test your knowledge of the history of the African American liberation struggle by taking the quiz. But, keep an eye on the timer to the right. You will have 90 seconds to complete the quiz.
About The Author
